Measure the largest coin you expect and add roughly two millimetres of clearance. For most currencies a slot 30 mm long and 3.5 mm tall accepts everything in circulation, including thicker two-tone coins. If the box is for notes as well as coins, a separate 60 mm slot keeps folded notes from jamming against the coin stack.
How do you get the money out again?
What thickness of wood suits a money box?
Can a money box be personalised with a name?
What is the difference between a money box and a money holder?